EMCI Safety Program
Company Safety and Health Policy Overview
Safety is the chief concern and we are proud of our safety record. We have only had one lost time injury in the last
12 years, and we have never been fined by either the state or federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
The safety and health of employees is this company’s foremost business consideration. No employee will be
required to do a job that he or she considers unsafe. The company will comply with all applicable OSHA workplace
safety and health requirements and maintain occupational safety and health standards that equal or exceed the best
practices in the industry.
The company will hold safety meetings where we will be identifying hazards and unsafe work practices, removing
obstacles to accident prevention, and helping evaluate the company’s effort to achieve an accident and injury free
workplace.
The company pledges to do the following:
• Strive to achieve the goal of zero accidents and injuries.
• Provide mechanical and physical safeguards wherever they are necessary.
• Conduct routine safety and health inspections to find and eliminate unsafe working conditions.
• Comply with all applicable construction industry OSHA safety and health requirements.
• Train all employees in safe work practices and procedures.
• Provide employees with necessary personal protective equipment and train them to use and care for it
properly.
• Enforce company safety and health rules and require employees to follow the rules as a condition of
employment.
• Investigate accidents to determine the cause and prevent similar accidents.
The company recognizes that managers, supervisors, and all other employees share responsibility for a safe and
healthful workplace.
• Management is accountable for preventing workplace injuries and illnesses. Management will consider all
employee suggestions for achieving a safer, healthier workplace. Management also will keep informed
about workplace safety and health hazards and regularly review the company’s safety and health program.
• Supervisors are responsible for supervising and training workers in safe work practices.
• Supervisors must enforce company rules and ensure that employees follow safe practices for their work.
• Employees are expected to participate in safety and health program activities including; immediately
reporting hazards, unsafe work practices, and accidents to supervisors or a safety committee
representative; wearing required personal protective equipment, and, participating in and supporting
safety committee activities.
Our commitment to this philosophy is implemented through our safety committee, weekly job site safety meetings,
and immediate safety intervention when circumstances permit. All of our employees have the right to stop work
they deem to be unsafe and request management involvement.
Safety Meeting
437-0010-0765
Safety Meetings will be held once a month. This will also be our monthly over view meeting.
These meetings are mandatory, unless notifying the safety committee prior. We will discuss;
• Safety concerns / Issues
• Any accidents that have happened since the last meeting
• Training regulations
• New projects coming up
• Any questions and concerns
Job Site Safety Meetings: Tool Box Chats
Tool box chats will happen weekly for each job site. This will include everyone involved in the
project and will cover a safety topic that is provided by OSHA. During this weekly chat, you may
also discuss any questions or concerns about the job, and any deadlines that are coming up.
PPE: Personal Protection Policy
Certified Hazard assessments will be performed at each new jobsite, prior to starting work.
Hazard assessments will entail; a heading stating what it is, what jobsite is being assessed, who
is completing the assessment, and the date the assessment was performed.
Dress and Attire
It is mandatory to dress appropriate for all work events.
On a Jobsite: It is mandatory to wear a shirt with sleeves, pants (sweat pants, pajama pants, and
shorts are unacceptable), and closed toed shoes.
Personal protective equipment
2/I 437-002-0134
All job sites will be assessed of hazards and certified by the company that they have been looked
at. All employees that will be on that job will be provided proper safety equipment and trained
by the company. Training will consist of; (A) When PPE is necessary; (B) What PPE is necessary;
(C) How to properly don, doff, adjust, and wear PPE; (D) The limitations of the PPE; and, (E) The
proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal of the PPE.
Items covered by the company includes but is not limited to;
• Eye / Ear / Face protection
• High visibility Garments
• Hard Hat
• Protective Gloves
Items not covered by the company includes but is not limited to;
• Non-specialty steel toe boots
• Everyday clothing, such as long-sleeve shirts, long pants, street shoes, and normal work boots
• Ordinary clothing, skin creams, or other items, used solely for protection from weather, such
as winter coats, jackets, gloves, parkas, rubber boots, hats, raincoats, ordinary sunglasses, and
sunscreen.
Bloodborne pathogens
2/Z 1910.1030
Bloodborne pathogens can be distributed through many forms of bodily fluids. Provided
protective equipment to prevent contamination will consist of disposable gloves, face masks,
aprons, and eye protections. If any suspicion of possibly encountering with contaminated
material it is required to wear protective equipment.
Exposure Control Plan is used to eliminate or minimize exposure. The plan will be updated
annually and entail; who may be affected, procedure for evaluating cause, a schedule and
method for implementing paragraphs, and documenting annual evaluations of safe medical
devices.
Occupational noise exposure
2/G 1910.95
When an employee is exposed to extreme sound levels, above an average 85 decibels per 8
hours, ear protection will be provided and required. Audiometric tests shall be completed by a
certified examiner. Training will consist of the effects of noise on hearing, how to use hearing
protection, and the purpose of audiometric testing.
As part of a hearing conservation program, we will keep all employee-training records and an
accurate record of all employee exposure measurements required by this rule. As well as, retain
all employee audiometric test records.
Respiratory protection
2/I 1910.134
Written Respiratory-Protection Programs will be job site specific and will contain;
• Procedures for selecting respirators for use in the workplace
• Medical evaluations for employees who use respirators
• Fit testing procedures for tight-fitting respirators
• Procedures for proper use of respirators
• Procedures and schedules for cleaning, disinfecting, storing, and maintaining respirators
• Procedures to ensure adequate air quality, quantity, and flow of breathing air in atmosphere-supplying
respirators
• Training in the respiratory hazards and in the proper use of respirators
• Procedures for evaluating the program’s effectiveness
Records of employee medical evaluations and fit tests will be kept for three years.
Fall Protection Policy
Fall protection - systems criteria and practices
3/M 1926.502
Fall protection will be applied to areas 6 feet or higher. This may consist of, but is not limited to;
a safety net, guard rail, scaffolding or body harness.
Safety net systems - If you use safety nets for fall protection but cannot perform a drop test, a
competent person must determine and certify that the system is safe. Identify the net, record
the date of the determination, and include the signature of the competent person. Keep the
most recent certification for each net at the job site.
Fall protection - training requirements
3/M 437-003-0503
Fall protection training will consist of the employee being able to recognize and understand
what a falling hazard is. They will then be certified and retrained as necessary.
Document that employees have been trained; include their names, training dates, and the
trainer's signature.
Equipment Safety
Column anchorage
3/R 1926.755
Before the erection of a column, the controlling contractor must provide written notification to
the steel erector if the anchor bolts have been repaired, replaced, or modified.
General requirements for erection stability.
• All columns shall be anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts).
• Each column anchor rod assembly, including the column-to-base plate weld and the column
foundation, shall be designed to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300 pounds (136.2
kg) located 18 inches (.46m) from the extreme outer face of the column in each direction at
the top of the column shaft.
• Columns shall be set on level finished floors, pre-grouted leveling plates, leveling nuts, or shim
packs which are adequate to transfer the construction loads.
• All columns shall be evaluated by a competent person to determine whether guying or bracing
is needed; if guying or bracing is needed, it shall be installed.
Repair, replacement or field modification of anchor rods (anchor bolts).
• Anchor rods (anchor bolts) shall not be repaired, replaced or field-modified without the
approval of the project structural engineer of record.
• Prior to the erection of a column, the controlling contractor shall provide written notification
to the steel erector if there has been any repair, replacement or modification of the anchor
rods (anchor bolts) of that column.
Crane operator safety training requirements
3/N 437-003-0081
Cranes will be inspected prior to operation. If found faulty it shall be removed until cleared for
use.
Documentation of each employee's training and their years of crane-operating experience;
include the type of training, training date, and who trained them.
Renewal of operation training card is to be every three years. Consist of a refresher course and
reading the current OR-OSHA rules on cranes.
Concrete formwork must be designed, fabricated, erected, supported, braced, and maintained
so that it can support without failure all applied loads. Drawings or plans, including all revisions,
for the jack layout, formwork (including shoring equipment), working decks, and scaffolds, must
be available at the site.
Prior to Crane use, a written plan should be handed to the site supervisor before the lift takes
place.
Hand and Power Tool Safety
Hand and power tools are to only be used for their designated purpose. If you require help with
use, ask your supervisor. Do not try to alter or modify a tool. If you are missing any pieces, wait
to use it until you have everything you need. Before use, examine tools for any defects or flaws.
Ladders and Scaffolding Policy
Ladders are to be positioned stable, and clear from any interferences. Choose the appropriate
ladder for the job. Do not exceed the posted weight limit. If your ladder is to short, do not tie
two together to create a taller ladder, go get the correct sized ladder. Before using the ladder;
assure there is no damage, it reaches where you need it to be, and it is securely fastened in
place.
Scaffolding is not to exceed its weight limit and shall be properly built before any use. It is to
examine for any missing or damaged pieces. If scaffolding is deemed unfit for the job at hand,
you must wait for it to be fixed or use an alternative method.
Material handling equipment
3/O 1926.602
Those who use heavy machinery for a job, must be certified for that specific machine. For
example; if you are to use a fork lift, then you must have training and a certificate stating you
can operate the fork lift on the job for the company.
Forklift operator certification - You must certify (in writing) that each employee who operates a
forklift has been trained and evaluated and found competent to operate the forklift.
The certification must include the name of the operator, the date of the training, the date of the
evaluation, and the name of the persons performing the training or evaluation.
Material hoists, personnel hoists, and elevators
3/N 1926.552
Before using any form of a hoist, it is to be inspected and documented. Inspections shall take
place every three months or after any altercations. Inspection documentation shall consist of
the date, inspectors name, and serial number or some form of indication of the hoist that was
inspected.
The most recent record on file.
Open web steel joists
3/R 1926.757
Bundles of decking cannot be placed on steel joists without all bridging installed and anchored,
and all joist-bearing ends attached, unless a qualified person determines that the structure can
support the load and the determination is documented in the site-specific erection plan.
Steel joists and steel joist girders cannot be used as anchorage points for a fall-arrest system
unless a qualified person provides written approval.
Power Extension Cords / Spider Boxes
Do not use extension cords through windows, walls, doorways or as replacement for electrical
wiring. Before using extension cords and spider boxes, examine them for any damages. If you
find any exposed wiring or cuts in cord, report it to your supervisor immediately. The supervisor
should then examine the cord and see if it is still usable if electrical tape is a suitable fix, or if it
needs to be discarded entirely and a different cord used.
If a supervisor deems a cord or spider box unfit for use. The supervisor shall; confirm there is no
electricity in the cord or spider box, then cut the end off to signify it can no longer be used, and
properly disposed of.
Powered platforms for exterior building maintenance
2/F 1910.66
All personnel that operates a powered platform shall be trained on proper use. Training will be
documented and consist of;
• How to operate the platform
• What to look for when examining for damages
• What to do if the power stops or the platform breaks
• What the different warning signs are of equipment failure
• Alarm systems
• Escape routes
• Employee name
• Training dates
10
• Trainers signature
Requirements for cast-in-place concrete
3/Q 1926.703
General requirements for formwork.
• Formwork shall be designed, fabricated, erected, supported, braced and maintained so that it
will be capable of supporting without failure all vertical and lateral loads that may reasonably
be anticipated to be applied to the formwork. Formwork which is designed, fabricated,
erected, supported, braced and maintained in conformance with the Appendix to this section
will be deemed to meet the requirements of this paragraph.
• Drawings or plans, including all revisions, for the jack layout, formwork (including shoring
equipment), working decks, and scaffolds, shall be available at the jobsite.
Rigging equipment for material handling
3/H 1926.251
Before each use, rigging equipment will be inspected to ensure its safety. Inspections will be
done by a competent person that has been trained on what to look for during inspection;
• Has permanently affixed and legible identification markings as prescribed by the manufacturer
that indicate the recommended safe working load.
• Not be loaded in excess of its recommended safe working load as prescribed on the
identification markings by the manufacturer.
• Not be used without affixed, legible identification markings.
If equipment is found faulty, it will be immediately removed from service. Rigging equipment
shall be removed from immediate work area when not in use.
Site layout, site-specific erection plan, and construction sequence
3/R 1926.752
Approval to begin steel erection - Controlling contractors must ensure that steel erectors have
the following written notifications before they authorize steel erection to begin:
1. The concrete in the footings, piers, and walls, and the mortar in the masonry piers and walls,
supports the loads imposed during steel erection.
2. Repair, replacement, or field modifications of anchor bolts were made in accordance with
1926.755(b).
Written notifications are to stay on site until the project is complete.
Site-specific erection plan - A steel-erection contractor must develop and implement a written
site-specific erection plan before erecting steel at a job site.
The purpose of the plan is to ensure that structural steel framing is stable and that employees
are protected from falls. The plan must be developed and signed by a qualified person, must
identify the site, and must be available at the site.
Written elements include the following:
• A description of the procedures used to comply with 1926.754(a), Structural steel assembly,
such as a temporary bracing plan or erection sequencing that provides for lateral stability.
• A description of the procedures and work practices used to protect employees from falls and
other hazards when it is necessary for them to walk or work on suspended loads.
Steel erection - additional training requirements
3/R 437-003-0761
Training will be provided for all employees exposed to fall hazards and additional training for
employees engaged in multiple-lift rigging, connecting tasks, and controlled decking zone
procedures.
Certification that employees have received the training will be recorded with their names, their
training dates, and the trainer's signature.
Systems-engineered metal buildings
3/R 1926.758
Construction loads shall not be placed on any structural steel framework unless such framework
is safely bolted, welded or otherwise adequately secured. Each structural column shall be
anchored by a minimum of four anchor rods. Rigid frames shall have 50 percent of their bolts or
the number of bolts specified by the manufacturer (whichever is greater) installed and tightened
on both sides of the web adjacent to each flange before the hoisting equipment is released.
Construction loads may be placed only within a zone that is within 8 feet (2.5 m) of the center-line
of the primary support member.
Purlins and girts shall not be used as an anchorage point for a fall arrest system unless written
approval is obtained from a qualified person. Purlins may only be used as a walking/working
surface when installing safety systems, after all permanent bridging has been installed and fall
protection is provided.
Wiring design and protection (branch circuits)
3/K 437-003-0404
Receptacles more than 125-volt, single-phase, 30-amperes will have GFCI protection and will
develop an assured equipment grounding conductor program to protect employees.
You must have a written description of the program at the job site
Demolition
3/T 1926.850
Prior to demolition;
• Meeting with all parties on-site,
• the area to be demoed shall be surveyed,
• all hazards will be made known to everyone on the job,
• all gas, water and electrical must be turned off, if water, gas or electrical is needed it shall be
relocated to a safe destination.
• Proper safety equipment will be issued to insure everyone’s safety.
• Red or yellow tape should be installed around demo area.
Hazard Communication Program; Material Safety Data Sheets
Hazard communication
2/Z 1910.1200
Hazard communication program - If your employees use hazardous chemicals, you must have a
written hazard-communication program that allows them to determine the chemicals’ hazards.
The program will include the following elements:
• The name of the person responsible for managing the program
• A description of your method for labeling hazardous chemical containers
• How you will review and update the label information
• How you maintain safety data sheets and how employees can review them
• How you update safety data sheets
• How you train employees about the hazardous chemicals they use
• What information the employee training covers
Hazardous-waste operations and emergency response
2/H 1910.120
Hazardous-waste consists of ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic products. All employees will
be trained on these products prior to being exposed to safety or health hazards. No one is
qualified to assist in a hazardous-waste cleanup.
Safety and health program for Treatment, Storage, and Disposal facilities - The purpose of a
safety and health program is to identify, evaluate, and control safety and health hazards.
• The written program for TSD facilities must cover the following:
• Hazard identification and control
• Hazard communication
• Medical surveillance
• Hazardous-materials handling
• Decontamination practices
• Employee training
• Emergency-response plan
• New-technology evaluations
In case of an emergency, employees are to evacuate the work area. Further instructions in the
emergency plan.
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals
2/H 1910.119
“Process” refers to activities such as using, storing, manufacturing, handling, or moving
hazardous chemicals.
Training documentation - You must ensure that each employee involved in operating a process
has received and understood the training.
• Document
• the names of employees who have been trained,
• their training dates, and
• the means you used to verify that they understood the training
Initial training - Instead of providing initial training to employees who understand an operating
process, you may certify in writing that the employees have the required knowledge to perform
their duties.
Working with contractors - You must keep an employee injury-and-illness log that covers
• contractors’ work in process areas,
• which means contract employees performing maintenance,
• repair,
• turnaround,
• major renovation,
• or specialty work on or adjacent to a covered process
Contract-employer responsibilities - Contract employers must document that their employees
have received and understood the training required.
• Contract employers must record
• the names of employees who have been trained,
• their training dates, and
• the means used to verify that they understood the training
Emergency planning You must have a written emergency plan for the entire plant that includes
the following:
• Emergency-escape procedures and escape-route assignments
• Procedures for employees who operate critical plant operations before they evacuate
• Procedures to account for all employees after an emergency evacuation
• Employee rescue and medical duties
• Instructions for employees who report fires and other emergencies
• The names of employees responsible for managing the emergency plan
Chemical Hazard Awareness
Toxic and hazardous substances - an overview
2/Z
Protective equipment may be distributed to all employees who could be exposed to hazardous
chemicals. Exposure will be documented for every individual. If there is a release of hazardous
substances, employees are to evacuate immediately. If exposed to any hazards, employees are
advised to seek medical attention immediately.
13 carcinogens
2/Z 1910.1003
• 4-Nitrobiphenyl
• alpha-Naphthylamine
• methyl chloromethyl ether
• 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts)
• bis-Chloromethyl ether
• beta-Naphthylamine
• Benzidine
• 4-Aminodiphenyl
• Ethyleneimine
• beta-Propiolactone
• 2-Acetylaminofluorene
• 4-Dimethylaminoazo-benezene
• N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Exposure can lead to cancer.
Most commonly found in cigarette smoke, carcinogens can be found almost everywhere.
Asbestos Containment Management
2/Z 1910.1001 and 3/Z 1926.1101
Can cause cancer and chronic respiratory diseases after any asbestos fibers are inhaled or
ingested.
Found in some vinyl floor tiles and the backing on vinyl sheet flooring and adhesives. Hot water
and steam pipes in older houses may be coated with an asbestos material or covered with
an asbestos blanket or tape. Oil and coal furnaces and door gaskets may
have asbestos insulation.
Lead Based Paint
Symptoms include developmental delays, abdominal pain, neurologic changes, and irritability.
At very high levels, it can be fatal.
Cadmium
2/Z 1910.1027 and 3/Z 1926.1127
Symptoms of inflammation may start hours after the exposure and include
cough, dryness and irritation of the nose and throat, headache, dizziness, weakness, fever, chills,
and chest pain. Inhaling cadmium-laden dust quickly leads to respiratory tract and kidney
problems which can be fatal.
Found in industrial paints, plant soils, and from smoking.
Formaldehyde
2/Z 1910.1048
Exposure includes irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat.
It is used in pressed-wood products, such as particleboard, plywood, and fiberboard; glues and
adhesives; permanent-press fabrics; paper product coatings; and certain insulation materials.
Inorganic arsenic
2/Z 1910.1018
Poisoning can lead to cancer, liver disease, coma, and death.
Groundwater can contain inorganic arsenic in the form of arsenate, in which arsenic is bound to
oxygen atoms. Also found in insecticides and in other poisons, doping agent for solid-state
devices such as transistors, and used in lasers that convert electricity into coherent light.
Lead
2/Z 1910.1025 and 3/D 1926.62
Mostly found in car batteries, pigments, ammunition, cable sheathing, weights for lifting, weight
belts for diving, lead crystal glass, radiation protection and in some solders. It is often used to
store corrosive liquids. Acute encephalopathy may arise which develops quickly to seizures,
coma, and death from cardiorespiratory arrest.
Methylene chloride
2/Z 1910.1052
Most likely to encounter it in paint strippers, however it is used in a range of products. Linked to
cancer, cognitive impairment, and asphyxiation.
Methylenedianiline
2/Z 1910.1050
Used mainly for making polyurethane foams, which have a variety of uses, such as insulating
materials in mailing containers. It is also used for making coating materials, glues, Spandex
fiber, dyes, and rubber.
Liver damage and skin irritation may occur from exposure to high levels.
MOCA (4,4’-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline))
2/Z 437-002-0364
Used in the plastic industry as a curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers.
If effected may cause cancer and tumors.
Incidents that result in the release MOCA in any area where employees may be exposed must be
reported to Oregon OSHA within 24 hours.
who are authorized to enter regulated areas.
Maintain the records for the duration of the employee’s employment.
Vinyl chloride
2/Z 1910.1017
Found in the air near vinyl chloride manufacturing and processing plants, hazardous waste sites,
and landfills.
Health Effects. The primary target of vinyl chloride acute exposure is the CNS. Signs and
symptoms include dizziness, ataxia, inebriation, fatigue, numbness and tinglingof
the extremities, visual disturbances, coma, and death. Vinyl chloride can irritate the
eyes, mucous membranes, and respiratory tract.
Benzene
2/Z 1910.1028
Found in crude oil and is a major part of gasoline. It's used to make plastics, resins, synthetic
fibers, rubber lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs and pesticides. Benzene is produced naturally
by volcanoes and forest fires.
Causes harmful effects on the bone marrow and can cause a decrease in red blood cells, leading
to anemia. Long-term exposure to high levels of benzene in the air can cause leukemia, cancer
of the blood-forming organs.
Confined Space Entry
Permit-required confined spaces
2/J 1910.146
Permit space program requires everyone to fill out the Confined Space Form. This form will go
over;
• The location and type of permit spaces
• The hazards in the permit spaces
• How the hazards are eliminated or controlled
• The permit-space entry procedure
• The procedure for preparing and issuing permits
• How workers are trained/certified to enter and work in permit spaces, and respond to
emergencies
• The duties and responsibilities of entry supervisors, attendants, and entrants
• The procedure for responding to emergencies
Lock Out / Tag Out Program
The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout)
2/J 1910.147
Equipment that could start or move unexpectedly, will have a document energy-control
procedures, periodic inspections, and employee training to ensure that employees are
protected.
Energy-control procedures - The written procedures will clearly identify energy sources in the
workplace and describe how workers will secure energy-isolating devices, use and remove locks
and tags, and test energy-isolating devices.
Periodic inspection - The periodic inspection is an annual review of the energy-control
procedures for equipment that is locked out or tagged out. It's an independent evaluation by an
authorized employee who understands the energy-control procedures for the equipment.
Documentation of the equipment on which the energy-control procedure is used, the inspection
date, the workers included in the inspection, and the inspector's name.
Training - Employee training ensures that workers understand the energy-control program.
Documentation of the employees training, including each worker's name, the training date, and
who did the training.
The Employee who issues the lock-out / tag-out, shall be the only person to remove the lock-out
/ tag-out.
Electrical - selection and use of work practices
2/S 1910.333
If a worker could contact parts of fixed electric equipment or circuits that have been de-energized,
the circuits must be locked out or tagged.
Keep a copy of the locking and tagging procedures.
Severe Weather Awareness: Cold / Heat
Heat:
Heat Exhaustion:
What happens to the body:
Headaches, dizziness, or light-headedness, weakness, mood changes, irritability or confusion,
feeling sick to your stomach, vomiting, fainting, decreased and dark-colored urine, and pale,
clammy skin.
What should be done:
• Move the person to a cool, shaded area. Don’t leave the person alone. If the person is dizzy or
light-headed, lay him on his back and raise his legs about 6-8 inches. If the person is sick to his
stomach, lay him on his side.
• Loosen and remove heavy clothing.
• Have the person drink some cool water (a small cup every 15 minutes) if he is not feeling sick
to his stomach.
• Try to cool the person by fanning him. Cool the skin with a cool spray mist of water or wet
cloth.
• If the person does not feel better in a few minutes call for emergency help (ambulance or
911.)
(If heat exhaustion is not treated, the illness may advance to heat stroke.)
Heat Stroke:
What happens to the body:
Dry, pale skin (no sweating); hot, red skin (looks like a sunburn); mood changes; irritability,
confusion, and not making any sense; seizures or fits, and collapse (will not respond).
What should be done:
• Call for emergency help (ambulance or 911.)
• Move the person to a cool, shaded area. Don’t leave the person alone. Lay him on his back
and if the person is having seizures, remove objects close to him so he won’t hit them. If the
person is sick to his stomach, lay him on his side.
• Remove heavy and outer clothing.
• Have the person drink some cool water (a small cup every 15 minutes) if he is alert enough to
drink anything and not feeling sick to his stomach.
• Try to cool the person by fanning him or her. Cool the skin with a cool spray mist of water, wet
cloth, or wet sheet.
• If ice is available, place ice packs in armpits and groin area.
Cold:
Frost Bite:
What happens to the body:
Freezing in deep layers of skin and tissue; pale, waxy-white skin color; skin becomes hard and
numb; usually affects fingers, hands, toes, feet, ears, and nose.
What to do: (land temperatures)
• Move the person to a warm, dry area. Don’t leave the person alone.
• Remove wet or tight clothing that may cut off blood flow to the affected area.
• Do not rub the affected area because rubbing damages the skin and tissue.
• Gently place the affected area in a warm water bath (105°) and monitor the water
temperature to slowly warm the tissue. Don’t pour warm water directly on the affected area
because it will warm the tissue too fast, causing tissue damage. Warming takes 25-40 minutes.
• After the affected area has been warmed, it may become puffy and blister. The affected area
may have a burning feeling or numbness. When normal feeling, movement, and skin color
have returned, the affected area should be dried and wrapped to keep it warm. Note: If there
is a chance the affected area may get cold again, do not warm the skin. If the skin is warmed
and then becomes cold again, it will cause severe tissue damage.
• Seek medical attention as soon as possible.
What happens to the body:
Normal body temperature (98.6°F/37°C) drops to or below 95°F/35°C; fatigue or drowsiness;
uncontrolled shivering; cool, bluish skin; slurred speech; clumsy movements; irritable, irrational,
or confused behavior.
What to do: (land temperatures)
• Call for emergency help (ambulance or 911).
• Move the person to a warm, dry area. Don’t leave the person alone.
• Remove wet clothing and replace with warm, dry clothing or wrap the person in blankets. •
Have the person drink warm, sweet drinks (sugar water or sports-type drinks) if he is alert.
Avoid drinks with caffeine (coffee, tea, or hot chocolate) or alcohol.
• Have the person move his arms and legs to create muscle heat. If he is unable to do this, place
warm bottles or hot packs in the armpits, groin, neck, and head areas. Do not rub the person’s
body or place him in a warm water bath. This may stop his heart.
What to do: (water temperatures)
• Call for emergency help (ambulance or 911). Body heat is lost up to 25 times faster in water.
• Do not remove any clothing. Button, buckle, zip, and tighten any collars, cuffs, shoes, and
hoods because the layer of trapped water closest to the body provides a layer of insulation
that slows the loss of heat. Keep the head out of the water and put on a hat or hood.
• Get out of the water as quickly as possible or climb on anything floating. Do not attempt to
swim unless a floating object or another person can be reached because swimming or other
physical activity uses body heat and reduces survival time by about 50 percent.
• If getting out of the water is not possible, wait quietly and conserve body heat by folding arms
across the chest, keeping thighs together, bending knees, and crossing ankles. If another
person is in the water, huddle together with chests held close.
Emergency Action Plan; Site Specific
Emergency action plan
2/E 437-002-0042
The Emergency action plan will tell everyone how to respond to emergencies, such as; fire, toxic
chemicals, severe weather, and floods. It will also entail;
• Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals
• Hazardous waste operations and emergency response
• Portable fire extinguishers
• Fixed extinguishing systems, general
• Fire detection systems
• Grain handling facilities
• Ethylene oxide
• Methylenedianiline
• 1-3 Butadiene
20
• Methylenedianiline
• Emergency-escape procedures and escape-route assignments
• Procedures for employees who must oversee critical plant operations before evacuating
• Procedures to account for all employees after an evacuation
• Employee rescue and medical duties
• Procedures to report fires and other emergencies
• Names of persons to contact for information about employees’ duties under the plan
Fire prevention plan
2/E 437-002-0043
A fire prevention plan will entail; a list of all fire hazards at your workplace, procedures to
control accumulations of flammable waste materials, procedures to maintain safeguards on
heaters, names or job titles of those responsible for maintaining fire-prevention equipment and
controlling fuel hazards.
Injury and Illness Report
437-001-0700 & 0704
Injuries will be reported immediately to your Project Manager. A detailed report will then be
filled out and filed into the system. Proper training and protection will then be given to avoid
further accidents.
Sources:
“UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.” Occupational Safety and Health Administration,
www.osha.gov/law-regs.html.